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On Jan. 3 local time, a U.S. air strike in Iraq killed not only Qassem Soleimani, the Iranian general heavily involved in coordinating the various militias’ efforts next door, but also the PMF’s operational commander, Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis (who was also the founder and head of KH). Coalition countries also should look to the militias’ many instances of domestic legal violations, and assist the Iraqi authorities in exposing crimes and international human rights violations.The militias’ hypocrisy in trying to benefit from their position as a state organ, while repeatedly violating the laws of the state and the rights of its citizens should also be repeatedly highlighted.
In 2018, the militias illegally participated in Iraq’s elections, in contravention of the Constitution’s Article 9 and of Article 74 of Iraq’s Law of Military Punishments (No.
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By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Though efficient and hardworking, he had no large personal following, and his efforts to make the rich carry more of the burden of the state earned him many powerful enemies. Iraq’s prime minister says ‘urgent measures’ should be taken to remove foreign forces ... Iran has 24 locations on the U.N. list of cultural world heritage sites.
The assassination of prominent and respected Iraqi security analyst Hisham al-Hashimi on July 6 placed Iraq’s Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) back in the global spotlight.
In this photo released by the official website of the office of the Iranian Presidency, Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi wears a protective face mask to help prevent spread of the coronavirus a he gives a press briefing with Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, in Tehran, Iran…
Razmara graduated from the French military academy at Saint-Cyr in 1925. Service personnel are barred from participating in politics under Article 74 — itself a codification of the Constitution’s same prohibition — and sets a five-year prison sentence as punishment for violations.
But if al-Kadhimi is serious about reform, he has a wealth of grounds to prosecute militias.But rather than accept the need to reform, the Iran-backed militias seem committed to preserving their current position.
This will force the militias to either clean up their act and submit to reform, or risk prosecution on the one hand, and electoral disaster in eventual elections on the other — destroying their political gains of recent years.Coalition member states also should consider applying sanctions to the worst violators, as the United States has already done, designating KH and Just Security is based at the Reiss Center on Law and Security at New York University School of Law.Just Security is based at the Reiss Center on Law and Security at New York University School of Law. Moving forward, al-Kadhimi and his allies will have to prepare for how to navigate future violent backlash to further reforms and investigations.Iraq has an international obligation to prevent attacks on coalition forces operating inside the country at the government’s invitation. On the night of the CTS raids, KH pulled together a company of over 100 fighters and drove to the International Zone in order to intimidate government officials into releasing the detainees.
Meanwhile, Article 29(8) sanctions those who fail to carry out their duties, act without authority, or act to obstruct the government, categories that could apply to killing or intending to kill a member of the military, an allied military, or a civilian.
These strikes continue to the present and are widely believed to be the work of elements of the Iranian-backed In order to avoid jeopardizing its lucrative and politically valuable position within the Iraqi armed forces, the Iranian-backed brigades launched the missile strikes under the guise of new and ostensibly unaffiliated brand names. 19 of 2007), which explicitly prohibit members of the armed forces from political activities. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.Razmara graduated from the French military academy at In June 1950 the shah appointed Razmara prime minister. In the short term, the government’s decision to back down was sensible — Iraq does not need an extra conflict.